fidelitas
fidelitas (fi-del-[schwa]-tas). [Latin “fidelity”] See FEALTY.
Search Results for: FEALTY
quia emptores
Quia Emptores (kwI-[schwa] orkwee-[schwa] emp-tor-eez). [Latin “since purchasers”] Hist. A statute giving fee-simple tenants (other than those holding directly of the Crown) the power to alienate their land and bind the transferee to perform the same services for the lord as the transferor had been obliged to perform. • The statute, enacted in 1290, tended
suzerainty
suzerainty (soo-z[schwa]-rin-tee or -rayn-tee). 1. Hist. The power of a feudal overlord to whom fealty is due. See FEALTY. 2. Int’l law. The dominion of a nation that controls the foreign relations of another nation but allows it autonomy in its domestic affairs. “At the present time there appears to be no instance of a
homage
homage n. 臣服；臣服礼 这是封臣接受领主封赠时向领主所必须行的大礼，是封建契约关系建立的重要仪式。臣服礼在封臣与领主之间建立起了一种依附关系，依此，封臣要履行协助领主的义务，而领主则要保护封臣，包括在武力和诉讼两方面。违反臣服礼的义务则被视为十恶不赦的犯罪，起初是重罪的主要部分。臣服礼的仪式是：封臣跪在领主面前，将双手放于领主双手之间，用诺曼法语说：「从今往后，我将怀着无比崇敬的心情终我一身完全臣服于您，蒙您恩惠保有地产，故将对您忠贞不渝。」臣服包括如下几种：绝对臣服〔liege homage〕、简易臣服〔homagium planum〕、相对臣服〔homagium simplex〕、世代臣服〔homagium antecessorium〕等。随着王权的加强，对普通领主的臣服渐趋衰微，地产法中的财产性因素取代了人身性义务变得重要起来，对国王的效忠也取得了优先地位。另外，臣服礼只能面对领主本人作出，但效忠〔fealty〕则可向领主的管家或执行管家作出。臣服于1660年被取消，而效忠仍沿袭下来。 (→fealty)
liege homage
liege homage 绝对臣服 向一位领主作出的臣服不存在保留或例外。如对国王的臣服，某封臣向国王臣服后就不能以已向其直接领主臣服为由来对抗向国王的臣服。这种臣服的内容包括效忠〔fealty〕及由此产生的役务。它不同于普通臣服〔simple homage〕，后者只是对保有关系的认可。 (→homage; simple homage)
rent service
A rent with some corporeal service incident to it (as by fealty) and with a right of distress. — Also written rent-service.
fidelitatis sacramentum
fidelitatis sacramentum (fi-del-i-tay-tis sak-r[schwa]-men-t[schwa]m). [Law Latin] Hist. The oath of fealty that a vassal owed to a lord.
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pares curtis
pares curtis (par-eez k[schwa]r-tis). [Law Latin] Hist. The peers of the court. — Also termed pares curiae. “The lord was, in early times, the legislator and judge over all his feudatories: and therefore the vassals of the inferior lords were bound by their fealty to attend their domestic courts baron, (which were instituted in every
tenure by divine service
tenure by divine service 〈英〉限定教役保有 旧时教会保有土地的一种方式，起初称为施舍保有〔tenure in alms〕，以区别于非施舍保有〔tenure in free alms〕，亦即自由教役保有〔frankalmoign〕。按照该保有方式，作为土地保有人〔tenant〕的教会法人〔religious corporation〕应承担特别指定的宗教役务〔divine service〕，例如在一年之中的某一天祈祷，或者布施一定数额的施舍金；并且要向上级领主进行效忠宣誓〔fealty〕。若保有人违背其役务，领主可以扣押其财产，自1290年《地产买卖法》〔Statute Quia Emptores〕之后，只有国王才可授予以该方式保有的土地。
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