Parliament Rolls 〈英〉议会案卷 14世纪初英国的议会的活动记录，包括议会会议、私人请愿书和立法倡议书。爱德华一世和二世〔Edward Ⅰ and Ⅱ〕期间，案卷汇编称为《古法典》〔Vetus Codex〕或《议会诉讼》〔Placita Parliamentaria〕；17世纪出版了其他节本；1765年出版了官方版；1827年至1834年新版了两卷本。议会案卷止于1503年；取而代之的是《上议院院志》〔Journal of the House of Lords〕和《下议院院志》〔Journal of the House of Commons〕。
Inrollments of Acts of Parliament 〈英〉《议会法律刊录》1483年以后(但1642年至1660年间除外)，英格兰和不列颠制定法的原本权威典籍，包括经确认并送交文秘署〔Chancery〕的议会法律。1849年之前，所有议会法律均誊抄在羊皮纸上，由议会书记官〔Clerk of the Parliaments〕签署并确认，与其他档案一并存放于议会档案馆〔Rolls Chapel〕。自1849年起，由国家印刷局〔Queen’s Printer〕用仿羊皮纸印刷每一份议会法律，一式两份，经议会两院的官员〔Officers〕核证后，一份存放于上议院〔House of Lord〕，一份存放于国家档案馆〔Public Record Office〕。
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writ of Summons to Parliament 召至议会令 约13世纪时在英格兰确立了那些被召唤至议会中给国王作顾问者必须为获男爵封号的人的惯例。因此，收到召至议会令且就职者即获得了世袭权；由这种令状产生的男爵被认可。理查二世〔Richard Ⅱ〕引进了现在使用的产生男爵的通常方式，即通过盖有国玺〔Great Seal〕的开封特许状〔letters patent〕产生。然而，贵族院〔House of Lords〕的议员们，无论是神职议员还是世俗议员，仍然收到由御前大臣署的王室书记官长〔Clerk of the Crown in Chancery〕代表女王签发的召至一个新成立议会的令状。
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custodes libertatis angliae auctoritate parliamenti (k[schwa]-stoh-deez lib-[schwa]r-tay-tis ang-glee-ee awk-tor-[schwa]-tay-tee parl-[y][ schwa]-men-tI). [Latin] Hist. Guardians of the liberty of England by the authority of Parliament. • The style of all writs and judicial process that issued during the period between the execution of Charles I (January 1649) and the proclamation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector
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act of Parliament. A law made by the British sovereign, with the advice and consent of the lords and the commons; a British statute.
Act of Parliament 〈英〉议会立法 亦称制定法〔statute〕。它指英王经上议院和下议院建议和同意所制定的法律。在1911年以前，议会立法必须无例外地由英王经议会中的上议院神职议员和世俗议员〔Lords Spiritual and Temporal〕及下议院议员建议和同意制定。根据1911年《议会法》〔Parliament Act〕的规定，在该法规定的某些情况下，无需上议院的同意，英王和下议院即可制定某项议会立法。1949年《议会法》对1911年《议会法》修订后规定：１上议院在一个月内对下议院递呈的财政法案〔money bill〕既未修正又不通过，只要该法案经英王御准〔Royal Assent〕，无需上议院同意即成为议会立法；２对非财政法案或包含将议会任期扩展至5年以上条款法案以外的法案，如果下议院在连续两届会议(不管是否为同一议会)皆予通过而上院皆予否决的，只要该法案经英王御准，无需上议院同意也成为议会立法；但是该议案在下议院一次会议二读的日期与其在下议院二次会议通过的日期之间必须间隔一年，而且在二次会议中也应引入修正条款。根据现代王室出版商〔Queen’s Printer〕的分类，议会立法可分为：１通行公共法律(具有普遍适用性且为司法部门所认可)；２地方性法律，其中某些是公共法律，而某些则可以宣布为非公法性的；３私事法律，包括涉及个人的。根据1962年《议会立法编号和引用法》〔Acts of Parliament Numbering and Citation Act〕的规定，自1963年开始，议会立法按其通过的历年〔calender year〕确定律目〔chapter number〕。
The upper chamber of the British Parliament, of which the 11-member judicial committee provides judges who serve as the final court of appeal in most civil cases. • In practice, the Lords sit as committees, usu. of five but occasionally of seven. Two committees may sit simultaneously. — Abbr. H.L. — Also termed Lords.
lord. 1. A title of honor or nobility belonging properly to a baron but applied also to anyone who attains the rank of a peer. — Abbr. L. 2. (cap. & pl.) HOUSE OF LORDS. 3. A property owner whose land is in a tenant’s possession; LANDLORD(1). temporal lord (tem-p[schwa]-r[schwa]l). One of the English peers
House of Lords. The upper chamber of the British Parliament, of which the 11-member judicial committee provides judges who serve as the final court of appeal in most civil cases. • In practice, the Lords sit as committees, usu. of five but occasionally of seven. Two committees may sit simultaneously. — Abbr. H.L. — Also
letter missive. 1. Hist. A letter from the king (or queen) to the dean and chapter of a cathedral, containing the name of the person whom the king wants elected as bishop. 2. Hist. After a lawsuit is filed against a peer, peeress, or lord of Parliament, a request sent to the defendant to appear