eviction. The act or process of legally dispossessing a person of land or rental property. See FORCIBLE ENTRY AND DETAINER. Cf. EJECTMENT. [Cases: Forcible Entry and Detainer 6; Landlord and Tenant 287.] actual eviction. A physical expulsion of a person from land or rental property. [Cases: Landlord and Tenant 171(1). C.J.S. Landlord and Tenant § […]
original acquisition 原始取得 指取得此前不属于其他任何人的财产。原始取得的手段有先占〔occupancy〕、添附〔accession〕以及智力劳动，例如通过发明创造而获得专利或因创作作品而获得版权。 (→derivative acquisition)
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vacant, adj. 1. Empty; unoccupied (a vacant office). • Courts have sometimes distinguished vacant from unoc-cupied, holding that vacant means completely empty while unoccupied means not routinely characterized by the presence of human beings. 2. Absolutely free, unclaimed, and unoccupied (vacant land). 3. (Of an estate) abandoned; having no heir or claimant. — The term
occupant. 1. One who has possessory rights in, or control over, certain property or premises. 2. One who acquires title by occupancy. general occupant. A person who occupies land in the interim arising after the death of a pur autre vie tenant but before the death of the person who serves as the measuring life
Indian title. A right of occupancy that the federal government grants to an American Indian tribe based on the tribe’s immemorial possession of the area. • Congress does not recognize tribal ownership of the land, only possession. A tribe or nation must actually, exclusively, and continuously use the property to establish that it is the
Indian title 〈美〉印第安人的权利 基于对北美大陆的先占，印第安人的权利至多仅为被许可的占有权〔permissive occupancy〕，而非一个可以转让的权利，美国政府也不会承认权利让渡的行为。除了美国国会有可能承认其为不受干涉的永久占有权外，它只能是获准许可的占有权。印第安人在被白人征服前，有对土地的主权及占有权，但现在这种权利已不是一种财产所有权〔property right〕，而是统治者授予的占有权。印第安人可以基于该权利抵制第三方的入侵，但这是一种可以被终止的权利，美国政府完全可以处置该土地，且毋需负任何法定的赔偿责任。转移到白人发现者手里的对美国土地的独占权〔exclusive title〕容忍了印第安人的权利〔Indian title〕，但白人统治者有权通过购买或征服方式单方面废除印第安人的权利。
building code. A law or regulation setting forth standards for the construction, maintenance, occupancy, use, or appearance of buildings and dwelling units. — Also termed (for dwelling units) housing code. [Cases: Health 392.]
occupation. 1. An activity or pursuit in which a person is engaged; esp., a person’s usual or principal work or business. dangerous occupation. An occupation that involves an appreciable risk of death or serious bodily injury. 2. The possession, control, or use of real property; OCCUPANCY. 3. The seizure and control of a territory by
A person specifically designated in a conveyance as being entitled to a life estate if the conveyee dies before the end of the life estate; specif., a pur autre vie tenant’s heir who occupies land in the interim between the death of the tenant and the death of the person who serves as the measuring
The use of restrictive covenants in private agreements to restrict the use and occupancy of real property. • Private zoning often covers such things as lot size, building lines, architectural specifications, and property uses. [Cases: Covenants 1. C.J.S. Covenants §§ 2–3.]