risk-utility test. A method of imposing product liability on a manufacturer if the evidence shows that a reasonable person would conclude that the benefits of a product’s particular design versus the feasibility of an alternative safer design did not outweigh the dangers inherent in the original design. — Also termed danger-utility test; risk-benefit test. Cf. […]
latin in law 法律拉丁语 尽管早在1833年，畅销书《随身律师》〔Pocket Lawyer〕曾试图简化法律语言，但许多法律职业人士考虑到拉丁语的一致性和确定性，仍支持继续使用法律拉丁语。某些拉丁短语已变成平常用语了，如「对、诉」〔versus〕、「初步的、表面的」〔prima facie〕、「别名叫做」〔alias〕和「善意」〔bona fide〕;但另一些拉丁语在翻译中则可能有一些东西未能抓住，如「人身保护令状」〔Habeas Corpus〕曾被查尔斯·狄更斯〔Charles Dickens〕译作「你拥有你的身体」。 (→latin)
a. 1. (usu. cap. & often ital.) A hypothetical person (A deeds Blackacre to B). 2. [Latin] From; by; in; on; of; at. 3. [Law Latin] With. 4. [Law French] Of; at; to; for; in; with. 5. Securities. A letter used in a newspaper stock-transaction table to indicate that cash was paid during the year
contra bonos mores (kon-tr[schwa] boh-nohs mor-eez). [Latin “against good morals”] Offensive to the conscience and to a sense of justice. • Contracts contra bonos mores are voidable. — Also termed contra bonos mores et decorum; adversus bonos mores. “Whatever is contra bonos mores et decorum, the principles of our law prohibit, and the King’s court,
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business-judgment rule. Corporations. The presumption that in making business decisions not involving direct self-interest or self-dealing, corporate directors act on an informed basis, in good faith, and in the honest belief that their actions are in the corporation’s best interest. • The rule shields directors and officers from liability for unprofitable or harmful corporate transactions
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v.abbr. 1. VERSUS. 2. Volume. — Also abbreviated vol. 3. Verb. — Also abbreviated vb. 4. (cap.) Victoria — the Queen of England from 1837 to 1901. 5. Vide. • This Latin term, meaning “see,” is used in phrases such as quod vide “which see,” abbreviated q.v. 6. Voce (voh-see). • This Latin term means