warrant of attorney
warrant of attorney (1)(古)认诺判决授权书 指当事人委托律师以当事人的名义出庭，并同意法庭作出对方当事人胜诉的判决〔confession of judgment〕的书面授权。 (2) (=power of attorney)
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Search Results for: WAR POWER
power of attorney
power of attorney (1)授权书；委托书 一种书面文件，本人〔principal〕以此指定他人为代理人，授权其为本人利益从事某类行为或某一特定行为。它可以是单方面出具的法律文件〔deed poll〕，也可以是其他法律文件(如契约或协议)的组成部分。其授权可以是总括性的〔general or full〕，也可以是特定的〔special or limited〕。授权委托书产生代理关系，而所涉财产的所有权仍由授权人享有。代理人如为「非法律代理人」〔attorney in fact〕，则本人死亡时，代理权亦即依法终止。亦作「letter of attorney」或「warrant of attorney」。 (2)代理权 指依据上述文件所授予的权力。
war contribution
war contribution. Int’l law. An extraordinary payment imposed by an occupying power on the population of an occupied territory during wartime. — Often shortened to contribution.
neutral
neutral, adj. 1. Indifferent. 2. (Of a judge, mediator, arbitrator, or actor) refraining from taking sides in a dispute. neutral, n. 1. A person or country taking no side in a dispute; esp., a country that is at peace and is committed to aid neither of two or more belligerents. Cf. BELLIGERENT. “The rights of
Darnel’s， or the Five Knights’， case
Darnel’s， or the Five Knights’， case 〈英〉达纳尔案或五骑士案 1626年，达纳尔等5名骑士因拒绝缴纳特别税而被送进监狱。达纳尔获得了人身保护令状〔writ of habeas corpus〕，要求监狱长说明被囚禁的原因。答覆称是根据枢密院〔Privy Council〕发布的授权令〔warrant〕而拘留他。该令状证明，依据国王的特别命令，达纳尔应被送进监狱。首席大法官海德判定国王胜诉，并指出：国王有捕人的绝对权力，而臣民不得上诉；国王不会犯错误，关押达纳尔也没有违反《大宪章》〔Magna Carta〕。该监禁在当时虽属滥用权力〔abuse of power〕，但法院不可能深究这一答覆。1628年，在这5名骑士被释放后，这个问题仍在继续讨论，并导致了1628年《权利请愿书》〔Petition of Right〕的产生。 (→Petition of Right)
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Dartmouth College Case
Dartmouth College Case 〈美〉达特茅斯学院案 即美国最高法院于1819年判决的达特茅斯学院诉伍德沃德案〔Dartmouth College v. Woodward〕。达特茅斯学院在1769年经皇家许可批准在新罕布什尔州〔New Hampshire〕推广教育。1816年，政府和教会冲突之后，该州立法机关〔legislature〕制定法律，修改1769年创立此学院的皇家特许状〔royal charter〕，把学院改为「大学」，改变其内部管理程序，并对学校管理施加外部和公共制约，学院拒绝并抗议立法机关违宪，滥用授权，违反了合同义务。最高法院将该学院划归为私法人〔private corporation〕而不是公法人〔public corporation〕。私法人的特许状〔charter〕属合同性质，受宪法第一条第十款合同条款〔Contract Clause〕的保护，该州不得妨害其履行，并认为该州的法律违宪。该案的判决确立了这样一个原则：依法人权力〔corporate power〕为公共目的向私人团体进行捐赠的行为，构成美国宪法意义上的合同，州立法机关不得制定法律削弱此合同的义务。
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sequestration
sequestration (see-kwes-tray-sh[schwa]n), n. 1. The process by which property is removed from the possessor pending the outcome of a dispute in which two or more parties contend for it. Cf. ATTACHMENT(1); GARNISHMENT. [Cases: Sequestration 1. C.J.S. Sequestration §§ 2–3, 5.] conventional sequestration. The parties’ voluntary deposit of the property at issue in a lawsuit. judicial
subinfeudation
subinfeudation (s[schwa]b-in-fyoo-day-sh[schwa]n), n. Hist. The system under which the tenants in a feudal system granted smaller estates to their tenants, who in turn did the same from their pieces of land. • As this system proceeded down the social scale, the lords were deprived of their feudal profits, as a result of which the system
dialogus de scaccario
Dialogus de Scaccario (dI-al-[schwa]-g[schwa]s dee sk[schwa]-kair-ee-oh), n. [Law Latin “a dialogue of or about the Exchequer”] Hist. A treatise, written during the reign of Henry II, on the Court of Exchequer, set up in imaginary dialogue form between a master and a disciple. • Although some originally attributed the work to Gervase of Tilbury, it
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divine right of kings
divine right of kings. The political theory that the sovereign is a direct representative of God and has the right to rule absolutely by virtue of birth. “Divine Right of Kings … originated in the mediaeval concept of God’s award of temporal power to civil rulers and spiritual power to the Church. It was claimed
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