coparcener (koh-pahr-s[schwa]-n[schwa]r). A person to whom an estate descends jointly, and who holds it as an entire estate; a person who has become a concurrent owner as a result of descent. — Also termed parcener; (archaically) coparticeps. “Coparceners constitute a single heir, and they occupy a position intermediate between joint tenants and tenants in common. […]
An employee whose services are, with the employee’s consent, lent to another employer who temporarily assumes control over the employee’s work. • Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, the borrowing employer is vicariously liable for the employee’s acts. But the employer may also be entitled to assert immunity under workers’-compensation laws. — Also termed borrowed
citizen, n. 1. A person who, by either birth or naturalization, is a member of a political community, owing allegiance to the community and being entitled to enjoy all its civil rights and protections; a member of the civil state, entitled to all its privileges. Cf. RESIDENT; DOMICILIARY. [Cases: Citizens 1. C.J.S. Citizens §§ 7,
separate property. 1. Property that a spouse owned before marriage or acquired during marriage by inheritance or by gift from a third party, and in some states property acquired during marriage but after the spouses have entered into a separation agreement and have begun living apart or after one spouse has commenced a divorce action.
A tort committed by the government through an employee, agent, or instrumentality under its control. • The tort may or may not be actionable, depending on whether the government is entitled to sovereign immunity. A tort action against the U.S. government is regulated by the Federal Tort Claims Act, while a state action is governed
joint estate 共同共有地产权 两个或两个以上的人于某不动产上享有的权益，各共有人的利益〔interest〕、权利〔title〕、权益享有的时间及对该不动产的占有〔possession〕都必须是相同或一体的〔unity〕。当其中某一共有人死亡，其权益则由其他共有人享有，即这种共有关系中存在生存者财产权〔right of survivorship〕，这是它区别于并用地产权〔estate in common〕的最重要特征。 (→joint tenancy)
Carriage of Goods by Sea Act. Maritime law. A 1936 federal statute regulating a carrier’s liability for the loss or damage, and sometimes the delay, of ocean cargo shipped under a bill of lading. 46 USCA §§ 1300–1315. • The Act defines many of the rights and responsibilities of both the issuers and the holders
carriage of goods by sea act Read More »
equitable distribution. Family law. The division of marital property by a court in a divorce proceeding, under statutory guidelines that provide for a fair, but not necessarily equal, allocation of the property between the spouses. • With equitable distribution, when a marriage ends in divorce, property acquired during the marriage is divided equitably between the
equitable distribution Read More »
A refinement of the elective share to which a surviving spouse is entitled, whereby the “fair share” is identified as something other than the traditional one-third of the probate estate. • The current version of the Uniform Probate Code uses a sliding scale that increases with each year of marriage. Under the UPC, a surviving
four unities. The four qualities needed to create a joint tenancy at common law — interest, possession, time, and title. See UNITY(2). [Cases: Joint Tenancy 1. C.J.S. Estates § 19; Joint Tenancy§§ 2, 4, 7–9.]