source code. Copyright. The nonmachine language used by a computer programmer to create a program. • If it is not included with the software sold to the public, source code is protected by trade-secret laws as well as copyright and patent laws. Source code may be deposited with the U.S. Copyright Office, but because of […]
An office that does not include authority to exercise judgment, only to carry out orders given by a superior office, or to perform duties or acts required by rules, statutes, or regulations.
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white-collar crime. A nonviolent crime usu. involving cheating or dishonesty in commercial matters. • Examples include fraud, embezzlement, bribery, and insider trading.
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Tucker Act. A federal law enacted in 1887 to ameliorate the inadequacies of the original authority of the Court of Claims by extending that court’s jurisdiction to include (1) claims founded on the Constitution, a federal statute, or a federal regulation, and (2) damage claims in cases not arising in tort. [Cases: Federal Courts 1071.]
conusance (kon-y[schwa]-z[schwa]nts). Hist. 1. Cognizance; jurisdiction. • The word conusance is actually an archaic form of cognizance. See COGNIZANCE(1); CLAIM OF COGNIZANCE. 2. JUDICIAL NOTICE. 3. An acknowledgment (of a debt, act, or opposing claim). • Examples of conusance include an acknowledgment in replevin that the defendant took the sued-for goods, or an acknowledgment in
cultural property. Int’l law. Movable and immovable property that has cultural significance, whether in the nature of antiquities and monuments of a classical age or important modern items of fine arts, decorative arts, and architecture. • Some writers prefer the term cultural heritage, which more broadly includes intangible cultural things such as folklore, crafts, and
notary seal. 1. The imprint or embossment made by a notary public’s seal. [Cases: Notaries 8. C.J.S. Notaries § 8.] 2. A device, usu. a stamp or embosser, that makes an imprint on a notarized document. — Also termed notarial seal. embossed seal. 1. A notary seal that is impressed onto a document, raising the
jural agent. An official — someone who has the appropriate authoritative status in society to enforce or affect the society’s legal system — who engages in a jural act. • Common examples include judges, legislators, and police officers acting in their official capacities. See jural act under ACT.
Railway Labor Act. A 1926 federal law giving transportation employees the right to organize without management interference and establishing guidelines for the resolution of labor disputes in the transportation industry. • In 1934, the law was amended to include the airline industry and to establish the National Mediation Board. 45 USCA §§ 151–188. See NATIONAL
TRIPs.abbr. Patents. The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, a treaty that harmonized and strengthened the intellectual-property laws of its signatories by linking the obligation to protect the intellectual-property rights of other members’ citizens with a mechanism for settling international trade disputes. • TRIPs was negotiated at the 1994 Uruguay Round of the