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reference to the European Court

glossary / reference to the European Court, 诉诸欧洲法院

reference to the European Court 诉诸欧洲法院(→preliminary rulings)

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notice of prior art references

glossary / NOTICE OF PRIOR-ART REFERENCES

notice of prior-art references. Patents. Notification from a patent examiner of the previously issued patents used in rejecting one or more of the applicant’s claims.

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insider preference

glossary / insider preference

A transfer of property by a bankruptcy debtor to an insider more than 90 days before but within one year after the filing of the bankruptcy petition. [Cases: Bankruptcy 2608(2). C.J.S. Bankruptcy §§ 138–139.]

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voidable preference

glossary / voidable preference, 可撤销的优先权

voidable preference (破产法)可撤销的优先权指由破产人在破产程序开始前的最近某一段时期内向债权人所作的优先转让〔preferential transfer〕，可根据破产法而被撤销，从而允许破产财产受托人将该被转让的财产收回。根据美国《破产法》〔Bankruptcy Act〕，可撤销的优先转让发生于破产申请提交前90天之内或破产申请提交后1年内。 (→preferential transfer)

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cross reference

glossary / CROSS-REFERENCE

cross-reference, n. An explicit citation to a related provision within the same or a closely related document; esp., the explicit citation in a continuing patent application to all interrelated applications, back to the original filing. • A cross-reference alone does not incorporate the disclosure of the parent application. Cf. INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE(1), (2). — cross-reference,

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preference

glossary / PREFERENCE, 优先权

preference n. 优先权１诸如：优先受偿权，破产时部分债权人享有的全部或部分债权优先受偿的权利；优先认购权，公司股东依其原持股比例优先认购公司新发行股份的权利〔preemptive right〕等。２此词常与另一词「priority」混用；法律可以认定preference为可撤销，而priority则总是合法的。

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preference

glossary / PREFERENCE

preference. 1. The act of favoring one person or thing over another; the person or thing so favored. 2. Priority of payment given to one or more creditors by a debtor; a creditor’s right to receive such priority. 3. Bankruptcy. PREFERENTIAL TRANSFER. insider preference. A transfer of property by a bankruptcy debtor to an insider

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