Mark Hopkins doctrine. The principle that when an employee leaves a job because of a labor dispute, any later employment the employee has must be bona fide and intended as permanent for the employee to avoid a labor-dispute disqualification from unemployment benefits if the employee leaves the later job. Mark Hopkins, Inc. v. Employment Comm’n, […]
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able to work. Labor law. (Of a worker) released from medical care and capable of employment; esp., not qualified to receive unemployment benefits on grounds of illness or injury. [Cases: Social Security and Public Welfare 477–495. C.J.S. Social Security and Public Welfare §§ 255–258.]
social insurance 社会保险 由法律创设的以全体民众为受益人的一种具有强制性、综合性的福利规划，由政府向面临特殊困难(如失业、残疾)或具有特殊地位的人(如老年人或盲人)提供的保险。在美国，联邦政府在1935年通过《社会保障法》〔Social Security Act〕，开始实施社会保险方案。目前在联邦和州实施的主要社会保险种类包括：养老〔old age〕、遗属〔survivors〕、伤残〔disability〕保险；医疗服务和医疗补助〔medicare and medicaid〕；失业保险〔unemployment insurance〕以及劳工赔偿〔worker’s compensation〕。 (→insurance)
失业金/保险 英语：unemployment benefit/insurance 法语：allocations chômage/assurance-chômage (AC) 德语：Arbeitslosen- versicherung 意大利语：assicurazione contro disoccupazione (involontaria) 西班牙语：subsidio de paro, de desempleo
beggar-thy-neighbor policy. A government’s protectionist course of action taken to discourage imports by raising tariffs and instituting nontariff barriers, usu. to reduce domestic unemployment and increase domestic output. • This term is sometimes applied to competitive currency devaluation.
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double-dipping, n. An act of seeking or accepting essentially the same benefit twice, either from the same source or from two different sources, as in simultaneously accepting retirement and unemployment benefits. [Cases: Social Security and Public Welfare 721–728. C.J.S. Social Security and Public Welfare §§ 209–210, 213, 291–293.] — double-dipper, n.
Economic Development Administration. A unit in the U.S. Department of Commerce responsible for helping to develop local economies and distressed areas by making grants for public works and development facilities that are designed to reduce persistent unemployment in economically distressed areas. • The agency was created in 1965 by the Public Works and Economic Development
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transfer payment. (usu. pl.) A governmental payment to a person who has neither provided goods or services nor invested money in exchange for the payment. • Examples include unemployment compensation and welfare payments. [Cases: United States 82(1). C.J.S. United States §§ 155, 158.]