laesio enormis (lee-shee-oh i-nor-mis). [Law Latin “excessive loss” or “abnormal loss of more than half”] Roman & civil law. 1. The sale of a thing for which the buyer paid less than half its real value. • The seller could rescind the sale, but the buyer could keep the item purchased by paying the full […]
WESTLAW/WL 韦氏法律文献计算机检索系统 为韦氏集团〔West Group〕的一个计算机辅助法律检索数据库，提供法律文献的在线检索。1975年，韦氏出版公司〔West Publishing Company〕(现称韦氏集团〔West Group〕)的法律文献数据库仅由摘要〔headnotes〕组成，这些摘要按韦氏公司自己的钥匙号或主题排列顺序分类。1978年，韦氏公司开始将法官意见书〔opinion〕的全文收录进去。其范围包括在韦氏公司的全国判例汇编系统〔National Reporter System〕中所报道的意见书，即从1961年到现在所有联邦法院的判决，及从1967年到现在所有州上诉法院的判决。关于联邦判例法的文献中包括韦氏公司的《最高法院判例汇编》〔Supreme Court Reporter〕、《联邦法院判例汇编》〔Federal Reporter〕、《联邦法院判例补编》〔Federal Supplement〕及《联邦规则判例汇编》〔Federal Rules Decisions〕中的全部内容。目前，该数据库收录的法律文献除判例法外，还包括制定法、行政法规和法律期刊。在检索时，一次只能查阅一份文献。检索方法也很灵活，而不是固定不变的，根据描述词〔descriptive words〕、主题/钥匙号、判例的名称或援引〔citation〕、法院规则或自然语言〔natural language〕均可查找到文献。检索或显示的信息由计算机根据每一文件中不同查询术语〔search terms〕的发生频率来排列。当查询者发现相关的援引被显示时，他可以１使用全国判例汇编系统相关卷册的复印文本〔hard copy〕来阅读判例；２调出终端上的全文；或３要求打印该判例。
The clerk of a district court within a state or federal system. See district court under COURT. [Cases: Clerks of Courts 1. C.J.S. Courts § 236.]
boni homines (boh-nIhom-[schwa]-neez). [Law Latin “good men”] Hist. Free tenants who judged each other in their lord’s court. “[W]e may find traces of juries in the laws of all those nations which adopted the feodal system, as in Germany, France, and Italy; who had all of them a tribunal composed of twelve good men and
Law French. The corrupted form of the Norman French language that arose in England in the centuries after William the Conqueror invaded England in 1066 and that was used for several centuries as the primary language of the English legal system; the Anglo-French used in medieval England in judicial proceedings, pleadings, and lawbooks. — Abbr.
Feudorum Libri (fyoo-dor-[schwa]m lI-brI). [Latin “the books of the feuds”] Hist. The Books of Feuds, a five-book compilation of Lombardic feudal law published in Milan around 1152, during the reign of Henry III. • This unofficial compilation was the main source of tenure law among the nations in Europe. It was widely used in medieval
community property. Assets owned in common by husband and wife as a result of its having been acquired during the marriage by means other than an inheritance or a gift to one spouse, each spouse generally holding a one-half interest in the property. • Only nine states have community-property systems: Arizona, California, Idaho, Louisiana, Nevada,
community property Read More »
special pleading. 1. The common-law system of pleading that required the parties to exchange a series of court papers (such as replications, rebutters, and surrebutters) setting out their contentions in accordance with hypertechnical rules before a case could be tried. • Often, therefore, cases were decided on points of pleading and not on the merits.
tolt (tohlt). Hist. A writ for removing a case pending in a court baron to a county court. — Also termed writ of tolt. See COURT BARON; county court under COURT. “Where the disputed interest in the land was not a fee held of the king in chief but a fee held of a ‘mesne
bad-faith filing, n. Bankruptcy. The act of submitting a bankruptcy petition that is inconsistent with the purposes of the Bankruptcy Code or is an abuse of the bankruptcy system (that is, by not being filed in good faith). • A court may dismiss a bankruptcy case if it finds that the petition was filed in