school district

glossary / school district
school district. A political subdivision of a state, created by the legislature and invested with local powers of self-government, to build, maintain, fund, and support the public schools within its territory and to otherwise assist the state in administering its educational responsibilities. [Cases: Schools 21. C.J.S. Schools and School Districts §§ 14–17, 21.]

consolidated school district. A public-school district in which two or more existing schools have consolidated into a single district. [Cases: Schools 33. C.J.S. Schools and School Districts §§ 18, 67.]

专业法律词汇 词条贡献者
资深译员Lester，毕业于美国一流的高级翻译学院，专注翻译各种与复杂国际仲裁有关的法律文件。

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school district

A political subdivision of a state, created by the legislature and invested with local powers of self-government, to build, maintain,…

school district

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school district 〈美〉学区 由州立法机关创设、组织的准市政法人〔quasi-municipal corporation〕，负责该州公立学校的管理。准市政法人指其成立的唯一目的是履行某一公共职能的政治体〔political body〕。美国州将学校体制划分成区的原因在于，与州一级的官僚化体制相比，地方化的管理和政策制定更具效率，也更能对社区需要作出反应。一个学区包括有明确边界的特定地域。在多数地方，学区主席〔head of the school districts〕称为督导〔superintendent〕，每个学区至少有一所学校。通常，一个学区包括小学〔primary schools〕(亦称grade schools)，初中〔middle or junior high schools〕和高中〔high schools〕。学区的边界可能与市〔city〕的边界相同，而多重学区〔multiple school districts〕可设立在更大的市，也可能存在于乡村，一个学区可能包括多个市镇〔towns〕。美国各州制定有与公立学校和校区相关的众多法律，但仍不可能涵盖每一教育事项，因而州立法机关常将诸多公共教育事项委任给学区。学区有权设置课程，制定适用于学校、学校僱员及学生的规章与规则；有权安排学区的教育设施建设和维修；因除通过州和联邦岁入支付的教育开支外，其余支出均由地方政府负责，多数州立法机关授予学区为教育目的而征收地方税〔local taxes〕的权力。多数州立法机关规定，学区应由学校委员会〔school…

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