ABDICATION

abdication

abdication n. (1)放弃(权利、责任或职权) (2)退位 指国王或政府高级官员自愿放弃其职位。退位与辞职〔resignation〕不同,后者是指某人将其由他人所赋予的权力、职位交还他人,例如下级向上级辞职即是交还权力。在英国历史上发生有多起国王退位事件,例如1688年詹姆斯二世〔James Ⅱ〕根据《权利法案》〔Bill of Rights〕而退位。但现在英王退位须依议会法律才能生效,例如爱德华八世〔Edward Ⅷ〕于1936年退位即是依据当年的《陛下退位声明法》〔His Majesty’s Declaration of Abdication Act〕。此外,非自愿辞职亦以该术语表示。

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abdication

abdication (ab-di-kay-sh[schwa]n), n. The act of renouncing or abandoning privileges or duties, esp. those connected with high office (Edward VIII’s abdication of the Crown in 1936) (the court’s abdication of its judicial responsibility). — abdicate (ab-di-kayt), vb. — abdicable (ab-di-k[ schwa]-b[schwa]l), adj. — abdicator (ab-di-kay-t[schwa]r), n.

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