bad faith
bad faith 恶意 善意〔good faith〕的对称，亦写作「mala fides」。指出于私利或不良意图实施某一隐秘计划所表现出的一种心理状态。它通常与下列行为相关：实际或推定的欺诈行为；试图欺骗他人；放任或拒绝履行合同义务。该术语并不指简单的判断错误或疏忽，而是指出于不诚实的动机或缺乏道德而有意实施错误行为。在保险法中，对保险人而言，指无任何重大或有根据的理由而拒绝支付保险金，即由于私利或不诚实的目的而违反众所周知的义务，违反善意和公平交易原则。
BAD FAITH
bad faith
bad faith, n. 1. Dishonesty of belief or purpose (the lawyer filed the pleading in bad faith). — Also termed mala fides (mal-[schwa] fI-deez). “A complete catalogue of types of bad faith is impossible, but the following types are among those which have been recognized in judicial decisions: evasion of the spirit of the bargain,