boulwarism
boulwarism n. 〈美〉博尔韦尔制 一种集体合同谈判策略。僱主首先预测集体合同谈判的可能结果，将此作为肯定信息在谈判之前告知工会，并作为工会接受或放弃的基础，从而免除实际的谈判。该种做法由通用电气公司僱佣关系委员会副主席莱缪尔·博尔韦尔〔Lemuel Boulware〕于20世纪中叶首先使用，并因而得名。但现已被全国劳资关系委员会〔NLRB〕认定为不公平行为。
BOULWARISM
boulwarism
boulwarism. Labor law. A bargaining tactic in which an employer researches the probable outcome of collective bargaining and uses the information to make a firm settlement offer to a union on a take-it-or-leave-it basis, so that there is no real negotiation. • Boulwarism is now considered to be an unfair labor practice by the National