hundred. 1. Formerly, a county subdivision that had its own local court. “The hundred was a group of adjoining townships. It may have consisted of an area taxed at one hundred hides. Other explanations of the term ‘hundred’ are that the unit may have consisted of one hundred households, or the area had to supply […]
hundred n. (1)一百 (2)〈英〉百户区 英格兰盎格鲁-撒克逊时期建立的郡下面的一级行政单位。它于6世纪法兰克人〔Franks〕正式确立，由阿尔弗雷德国王〔King Alfred〕引入英格兰。百户区的界定，有认为由100海得〔hides〕土地的面积构成，有认为由10个十户区〔tithings〕组成，有认为由100户自由民家庭组成，等。在英格兰各个不同地区，百户区的范围和名称均有不同。百户区由高级治安官〔high constable〕管理，并有自己的法庭。百户区的居民集体对其任一成员的犯罪行为或法庭缺席行为承担共同责任。同时，如果有百户区居民聚众闹事或暴动因而造成损失的，全体百户区居民也要承担全部赔偿责任。相类似的组织在法兰克王国、丹麦也存在过。 (→wapentake; ward)