preliminary injunction 〈美〉预防性禁制令；临时禁制令 起诉后作出判决前法院签发的禁制令，禁止被告实施或继续某项行为。签发预防性禁制令，必须：１申请人胜诉的可能性较大，且如不签发禁制令，申请人将受到难以弥补的损害；或２申请人胜诉的可能性虽然不大，但已提出应当进一步调查的有实质意义的、艰难的争议点，如不签发禁制令，其所受损害将超过其他人。 (→injunction)
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预防性禁令 英语：preliminary injunction 法语：mesure d’interdiction provisoire prononcée par le juge 德语：einstweilige Verfügung (auf Unterlassung) 意大利语：ordinanza restrittiva preliminare 西班牙语：mandamiento, orden de no innovar
A temporary injunction issued before or during trial to prevent an irreparable injury from occurring before the court has a chance to decide the case. • A preliminary injunction will be issued only after the defendant receives notice and an opportunity to be heard. — Also termed interlocutory injunction; temporary injunction; provisional injunction; injunction pendente
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