privilegium
privilegium 〈拉〉 (1)(罗马法)特别敕令 罗马皇帝向某个人授予特别权利、施加特别义务或处以特别惩罚的敕令。 (2)特权；(法律规定的)特惠 指由法律授予但与一般规则相悖的权利或优惠，在罗马法中尤指给予债权人的优先权。 (3)(不以占有财产为条件的)特别留置权；特别请求权 Privilegium non valet contra rempublicam. 〈拉〉损害国家之特权无效。
PRIVILEGIUM
privilegium
privilegium (priv-[schwa]-lee-jee-[schwa]m), n. [Latin] 1. Roman law. A law passed against or in favor of a specific individual. 2. Roman law. A special right, esp. one giving priority to a creditor. 3. Civil law. Every right or favor that is granted by the law but is contrary to the usual rule.