reeve (reev). Hist. 1. A ministerial officer of high rank having local jurisdiction; the chief magistrate of a hundred. • The reeve executed process, kept the peace, and enforced the law by holding court within the hundred. 2. A minor officer serving the Crown at the hundred level; a bailiff or deputy-sheriff. 3. An overseer […]
reeve n. 〈撒克逊〉 (1)司法官；司法行政官；管家；执达官 古代英格兰的一种由国王任命的司法官员，地位低于方伯〔alderman〕。实际上他是一种被任命来执行诉讼程序，维持治安，执行法律的行政性官员，他可以见证一切合同和交易，将违法者绳之于法，保释那些保证届时出庭的嫌疑人，并主持地方法庭。后来该词也被用来指那些级别更低的官员，如堂区俗人执事〔church reeve〕等。该官职因与不同级别的行政组织区划相联系而产生了许多种类，如郡长〔shire-reeve; shire-gerefa; sheriff〕、十户长〔tithing-reeve〕和自治市执达官〔borough-reeve〕等。 (2)(英格兰古法)百户长；百户区执达官 郡长的副手，与有义务出庭的自由民共同主持百户区法庭。 (3)〈英〉地方治安官 (4)〈加〉(乡镇议会的)议长(→borough reeve; church reeve; land-reeve; shire-reeve; tithing-reeve; trithing-reeve)