contract-specification defense. An affirmative defense that immunizes a contractor from liability for a defect in a product when the contractor has manufactured or performed according to detailed contractual orders. • The defense applies to specialized, single-use components and protects a component supplier from claims of negligent design if the component conforms to the contractual specifications […]
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civil defense. 1. The practice of protecting civilians from dangers caused by hostilities or disasters and helping them recover from the immediate effects of such events. 2. The policies that underlie this practice.
The protection afforded to a client from an accountant’s unauthorized disclosure of materials submitted to or prepared by the accountant. • The privilege is not widely recognized. [Cases: Witnesses 196.2. C.J.S. Witnesses § 356.]
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Law Latin. A corrupted form of Latin formerly used in law and legal documents, including judicial writs, royal charters, and private deeds. • It primarily consists of a mixture of Latin, French, and English words used in English sentence structures. — Abbr. L.L.; L. Lat. — Also written law Latin. “LAW LATIN. A technical kind
narrator (na-ray-tor or na-ray-t[schwa]r), n. [Law Latin] Hist. A pleader or counter; a person who prepares pleadings (i.e., narrs). • For example, a serjeant-at-law was also known as serviens narrator. Pl. narratores (na-r[ schwa]-tor-eez). “The Latin narrator and its French equivalent contour became technical terms. If an English term was in use, it was perhaps
state police power. The power of a state to enforce laws for the health, welfare, morals, and safety of its citizens, if enacted so that the means are reasonably calculated to protect those legitimate state interests.
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trade dress. Trademarks. The overall appearance and image in the marketplace of a product or a commercial enterprise. • For a product, trade dress typically comprises packaging and labeling. For an enterprise, it typically comprises design and decor. If a trade dress is distinctive and nonfunctional, it may be protected under trademark law. — Also
national park. A scenic, natural, historic, and recreational area owned by the United States and set aside for permanent protection. • Yellowstone National Park was declared the first national park in 1872. See 16 USCA § 1a-1.
license fee. 1. A monetary charge imposed by a governmental authority for the privilege of pursuing a particular occupation, business, or activity. — Also termed license tax. [Cases: Licenses 1. C.J.S. Architects § 8; Licenses§§ 2–4.] 2. A charge of this type accompanied by a requirement that the licensee take some action, or be subjected
Instrument of Government 〈英〉《政府约法》 在奥利弗·克伦威尔〔Oliver Cromwell〕于1653年12月16日成为护国公〔lord protector〕后拟定的成文宪法。作者为少将〔Major-General〕军衔的约翰·兰伯特〔John Lambert〕。该约法原欲任命克伦威尔为国王，但遭到婉拒，克伦威尔最终接受依约法规定担任护国公。该法规定：立法权属于护国公克伦威尔和议会，行政权由护国公和一个人数不超过21人的政务会掌握；议会应于1654年9月召开会议，此后应每3年召开一次，会议期间享有对陆军和海军的控制权；议会有权制定法律，并有权制止任何未经其同意的税收；内战期间反对议会之人不能参加议会选举或被选入前四届议会，永远取消罗马天主教徒入选议会的资格；护国公为终身职位，但该职位应选举产生，它对立法仅有暂停性否决权等。该法的缺点是未规定权力机关即护国公、政务会、议会之间的协调，也未规定该法本身的修订。该法为英国制定成文宪法的第一次尝试。
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