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employment standards administration

Employment Standards Administration. A unit in the U.S. Department of Labor responsible for administering various laws and programs pertaining to minimum-wage and overtime standards, registration of farm-labor contractors, wage rates to be paid and the nondiscrimination and affirmative-action programs to be followed by government contractors and subcontractors, workers’-compensation programs for federal and certain private employers, […]

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trover

trover (troh-v[schwa]r). A common-law action for the recovery of damages for the conversion of personal property, the damages generally being measured by the value of the property. — Also termed trover and conversion. Cf. DETINUE; REPLEVIN. [Cases: Trover and Conversion 1, 43. C.J.S. Trover and Conversion §§ 1–3, 5–7, 120–121.] “Trover may be maintained for

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pia fraus

pia fraus (pI-[schwa] fraws). [Latin “pious fraud”] A subterfuge or evasion considered morally justifiable; esp., evasion or disregard of the law in the interests of a religious institution, such as the church’s circumventing the mortmain statutes.

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literae patentes

literae patentes (lit-[schwa]r-ee p[schwa]-ten-teez), n. [Latin “open letters”] Hist. A public grant from the sovereign to a subject, conferring the right to land, a franchise, a title, liberty, or some other endowment. • The modern “patent” and, more closely, “letters patent” derive from this term. See LETTERS PATENT(1). “The term ‘patent’ is short for ‘letters

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judicial activism

judicial activism, n. A philosophy of judicial decision-making whereby judges allow their personal views about public policy, among other factors, to guide their decisions, usu. with the suggestion that adherents of this philosophy tend to find constitutional violations and are willing to ignore precedent. Cf. JUDICIAL RESTRAINT(3). — judicial activist, n. “[I]f to resolve the

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falsa demonstratio

falsa demonstratio (fal-s[schwa] orfawl-s[schwa] dem-[schwa]n-stray-shee-oh).Roman law. A false designation; an erroneous description of a person or thing in a legal instrument. • Generally, a simple error in description, grammar, or spelling will not void an instrument or even a single provision in it (such as a bequest by will). — Also termed false demonstration.

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parol

parol (p[schwa]-rohlorpar-[schwa]l), adj. 1. Oral; unwritten (parol evidence). [Cases: Evidence 397. C.J.S. Evidence §§ 1159, 1165, 1189.] 2. Not under seal (parol contract). [Cases: Contracts 36, 239. C.J.S. Contracts §§ 76, 415.] parol (p[schwa]-rohlorpar-[schwa]l), n. 1. An oral statement or declaration. 2. Hist. The oral pleadings in a case. “Anciently pleadings were conducted in court

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