Search Results for: RIGHT OF ENTRY

eviction

eviction. The act or process of legally dispossessing a person of land or rental property. See FORCIBLE ENTRY AND DETAINER. Cf. EJECTMENT. [Cases: Forcible Entry and Detainer 6; Landlord and Tenant 287.] actual eviction. A physical expulsion of a person from land or rental property. [Cases: Landlord and Tenant 171(1). C.J.S. Landlord and Tenant § […]

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continual claim

Hist. A formal claim to a tract of land made by an out-of-possession owner who is deterred from taking possession by a menace of some type. • The claim — called continual because it had to be renewed an-nually — preserved the claimant’s right to the land. The owner had to make the claim as

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seisin

seisin n. 占有 在英格兰,指自由人对完全保有地产〔freehold〕的占有。它表明了一个自由人与一块地产之间的相对关系:他在这块地产上享有完全保有的地产权 〔freehold estate〕。后来这个词也用来指对动产或某种权利的占有。seisin不同于possession和occupation,它主要是基于一种分封关系而产生,在这种关系下,一旦某人占有了某块地产〔be seised of such land〕,他便拥有近乎所有权的权利。而possession在法律意义上仅用来指租约地和其它动产的占有,occupation则指实际上的占有、占用〔actual possession〕。seisin的成立须以具备某种占有的意图为要件,这种意图要求占有人主张一种完全保有地产的权益〔freehold interest〕。依此如果某人进入土地时拥有某项权利,则法律不再要求进一步的证据而仅依此权利推定其占有意图;相反如果他进入土地时没有权利依据,则他必须显示出要获得占有的意图。另外,在分封关系中,seisin的最终成立还需转移占有〔delivery of seisin〕的特定仪式,但后来则简化为契据〔deed〕的交付。占有一旦成立,就推定持续存在,直到有新的占有出现。在普通法早期,占有先后通过权利令状〔writ of right〕,新侵占之诉〔assise of Novel Disseisin〕,恢复被占继承土地之诉〔assise of Mort d’ancestor〕和各种进占令状〔writs of entry〕来保护。到了近代,随着封建因素的淡化,「seisin」虽常见于制定法中,其含义已相当于「所有(权)」〔ownership〕。 (→freehold; possession; occupation)

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regress

regress, n. 1. The act or an instance of going or coming back; return or reentry (free entry, egress, and regress). 2. The right or liberty of going back; reentry. Cf. EGRESS; INGRESS. 3. Hist. The right to repayment or compensation; recourse. — regress (ri-gres), vb.

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continual claim

continual claim. Hist. A formal claim to a tract of land made by an out-of-possession owner who is deterred from taking possession by a menace of some type. • The claim — called continual because it had to be renewed an-nually — preserved the claimant’s right to the land. The owner had to make the

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ish

ish. Scots law. 1. An exit. • This appears in the phrase “ish and entry,” often used in a lease, license, etc., to give someone right to use necessary ways and passages to pass through another’s property, esp. to reach a church or marketplace. 2. The expiration of a lease, license, etc.; the end of

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title

title n. (1)产权;所有权 该词在法律上经常使用,但缺乏明确统一的定义。它通常指一个人对财产、尤其是土地等不动产所拥有的组成所有权〔ownership〕的各项权利,有时也被用来指所有权本身。但在严格意义上,title并非所有权,而是所有权的证据和基础,是构成所有权的全部要素的集合。这些要素在普通法上分为三项:1占有〔possession〕;2占有权〔right of possession〕;3单纯所有权〔right of property〕。其中后两项被认为在实质上是相同的。因此,title强调的是建立在占有基础上的、或基于占有而享有的对土地的支配权,是对土地的权利与对土地的占有的统一,而非任何形式的地产权〔estate〕。但产权人的占有又不同于所有权人的占有。后者为正当合法、具有绝对效力的占有。前者的范围更广,包括抵押〔mortgage〕、占用〔occupancy〕或单纯占有〔bare possession〕等情况,甚至包括非法占有人或侵权行为人的占有,只不过这一占有可以为合法权利人所依法剥夺。故产权依产权人占有的效力而有级别高低、优劣之分。地位最高者为自由继承地产权〔fee simple〕,其下有终身地产权〔life estate〕、定期地产权〔term of years〕、占用者的产权〔just possession〕。可以对抗一切他人的权利的产权的人,才是真正的所有权人。 (2)产权证书;地契;房契 证明一个人对土地等不动产拥有产权的契据。 (=title deeds) (3)理由;权利 即支持一项权利主张或请求的依据,或一项被宣称拥有的或被承认的权利。旧时还可特指一个人以进占〔entry〕方式而非诉讼方式否定他人的地产权的权利。 (4)圣职推荐;圣俸;教堂 指神职人员被正常推荐担任圣职或即将被主教委任出缺的圣职,与临时委任圣职〔commendam〕相对。或指牧师享受的圣俸或被委派管辖的教堂。在罗马天主教中则指罗马城中及其附近分派给枢机主教〔cardinal〕们的教堂。 (5)推荐书 推荐某人担任圣职的证书。 (6)(表示尊贵或荣誉的)称号;头衔 (7)(法规、诉讼文书、书籍、文章等的)标题;题目;名称 (8)专利名称 在专利文件中对专利发明的简短描述。 (9)案名 即案件名称,由审理法院名称、当事人名称以及有关诉案记录——如××判例汇编——等编成。在遗产管理〔administration〕诉讼中则还须列入留下遗产的死者姓名。 (10)供养担保 主教在推荐圣职时通常要求被推荐的圣职候选人〔candidate〕提供的一项保证后者可获得供养的担保。

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intervention

intervention, n. 1. The entry into a lawsuit by a third party who, despite not being named a party to the action, has a personal stake in the outcome. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 24. • The intervenor sometimes joins the plaintiff in claiming what is sought, sometimes joins the defendant in resisting what is

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real action

real action (1)(罗马法)物权诉讼 为返回被别人占有但却属于自己所有的财产而进行的诉讼,包括动产,亦包括不动产。该诉讼因其救济能返还诉请之物而得名。 (2)(英格兰古法)返还土地之诉;不动产权益诉讼 普通法中自由土地保有人〔freeholder〕为回复其土地或某种土地权益而进行的诉讼。它包括:1由权利令状〔writ of right〕开始的决定土地产权〔title to land〕的土地权利诉讼;2由大陪审团解决侵占〔disseisin〕问题而进行的土地占有诉讼;3由进占令〔writ of entry〕开始的土地占有诉讼。后来这些诉讼为驱逐之诉〔ejectment〕所取代。1875年之后,这些诉讼格式均被取消,统一为一般的诉讼。(→action; personal action)

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