A court having jurisdiction over land-related matters including: (1) exclusive original jurisdiction of applications for registration of land titles and related questions, writs of entry and petitions to clear title to real estate, petitions to determine the validity and extent of municipal zoning ordinances, bylaws, and regulations, and proceedings for foreclosure and redemption from tax […]
child-support-enforcement agency. Family law. A governmental agency that helps custodial parents collect child support. • Under Title IV(D) of the Social Security Act (42 USCA § 654), states are required to establish child-support-enforcement agencies to collect support for obligee parents. Although the agencies are governed by a set of federal standards, each state has its
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primogeniture (prI-m[schwa]-jen-[schwa]-ch[schwa]r). 1. The state of being the firstborn child among siblings. 2. The common-law right of the firstborn son to inherit his ancestor’s estate, usu. to the exclusion of younger siblings. — Also termed (in sense 2) primogenitureship. See BOROUGH ENGLISH . [Cases: Descent and Distribution 7.] “If by primogeniture we only mean ‘that
sovereignty (sahv-[[schwa]-]rin-tee). 1. Supreme dominion, authority, or rule. [Cases: International Law 8. C.J.S. International Law §§ 25–28.] popular sovereignty. A system of government in which policy choices reflect the preferences of the majority of citizens. state sovereignty. See STATE SOVEREIGNTY. 2. The supreme political authority of an independent state. 3. The state itself.“It is well
copyhold. Hist. A base tenure requiring the tenant to provide the customary services of the manor, as reflected in the manor’s court rolls. • Copyhold tenure descended from pure villeinage; over time, the customs of the manor, as reflected on the manor’s rolls, dictated what services a lord could demand from a copyholder. This type
installment sale. A conditional sale in which the buyer makes a down payment followed by periodic payments and the seller retains title or a security interest until all payments have been received. — Also termed installment plan; retail installment sale. [Cases: Sales 82(4).] disguised installment sale. Bankruptcy. A debtor’s leasing ploy to try to keep
breaking, n. Criminal law. In the law of burglary, the act of entering a building without permission. [Cases: Burglary 9(1). C.J.S. Burglary §§ 11–12, 14–16, 20.] “[T]o constitute a breaking at common law, there had to be the creation of a breach or opening; a mere trespass at law was insufficient. If the occupant of
beyond seas. Hist. 1. (Of a person) being absent from a jurisdiction or nation; out of the country, esp. across the ocean. • This term was used when a person could not be served with a summons, notice, etc. because the person was absent from the jurisdiction. Some jurisdictions toll the statute of limitations during
real action (1)(罗马法)物权诉讼 为返回被别人占有但却属于自己所有的财产而进行的诉讼，包括动产，亦包括不动产。该诉讼因其救济能返还诉请之物而得名。 (2)(英格兰古法)返还土地之诉；不动产权益诉讼 普通法中自由土地保有人〔freeholder〕为回复其土地或某种土地权益而进行的诉讼。它包括：１由权利令状〔writ of right〕开始的决定土地产权〔title to land〕的土地权利诉讼；２由大陪审团解决侵占〔disseisin〕问题而进行的土地占有诉讼；３由进占令〔writ of entry〕开始的土地占有诉讼。后来这些诉讼为驱逐之诉〔ejectment〕所取代。1875年之后，这些诉讼格式均被取消，统一为一般的诉讼。(→action; personal action)
recognition, n. 1. Confirmation that an act done by another person was authorized. See RATIFICATION. [Cases: Principal and Agent 170(2).C.J.S. Agency § 88.] 2. The formal admission that a person, entity, or thing has a particular status; esp. a nation’s act in formally acknowledging the existence of another nation or national government. 3. Parliamentary law.