hague rules
Hague Rules. Maritime law. An international agreement adopted at the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading in 1924. • Under the Hague Rules, a carrier is not liable for losses.
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rule 109 statement
Rule 109 statement. Patents. A statement by a patent examiner of the reasons for allowing a patent claim. • An examiner may file a Rule 109 statement at any time if it appears that the record does not adequately reflect the reasons for allowance. It should state how the claim differs from prior art and
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final decision rule
final decision rule 〈美〉终局裁决规则 依该规则，只有对联邦地区法院的终局判决才可向联邦上诉法院提起上诉，即上诉法院对非终局判决的上诉无权受理。作此限制的目的在于防止利用中间上诉〔interlocutory appeals〕逐个提起诉讼。
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mere evidence rule
mere evidence rule 〈美〉纯证据规则 根据该规则，依合法搜查令进行搜查的官员有权扣押犯罪工具和犯罪所得，但无权扣押仅有证据作用的其他物品(如犯罪嫌疑人的衣物)。美国最高法院已废除了这一规则。现在签发的搜查证允许扣押所有的犯罪证据。
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ore tenus rule
ore tenus rule. The presumption that a trial court’s findings of fact are correct and should not be disturbed unless clearly wrong or unjust. [Cases: Appeal and Error 931(1).]
prudent investor rule
prudent-investor rule. Trusts. The principle that a fiduciary must invest in only those securities or portfolios of securities that a reasonable person would buy. • The origin of the prudent-investor rule is Harvard College v. Amory, 26 Mass. 446 (1830). This case stressed two points for a trustee to consider when making investments: probable income
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rule of optional completeness
rule of optional completeness 〈美〉选择完整性规则 一项证据规则，指一方当事人在庭审中提供了书面文件或陈述的一部分时，对方当事人可以要求其宣读剩余部分以提供全文内容。该规则有两个限制：１不具有相关性的陈述不被接受；２陈述的剩余部分必须能解释第一部分。在许多州，该规则适用于谈话、对方的自认、认罪陈述以及所有其他类型的书面文件，甚至账簿。但《联邦证据规则》〔Federal Rules of Evidence〕限制该规则仅适用于书面文件和已被记录的陈述。
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innocent construction rule
innocent construction rule 〈美〉无害解释规则；无诽谤性解释规则 在有关诽谤的法律中，指如果对一方所主张的具有诽谤性语言可以作无诽谤恶意的理解时即应依此来理解，并确认不得就此提起诉讼。
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commercial traveler rule
commercial-traveler rule. Workers’ compensation. The principle that an accident will be treated as occurring during the course of employment if it was caused by an employee whose job requires travel, and the employee was not on a personal errand. • The commercial-traveler rule is an exception to the going-and-coming rule. [Cases: Workers’ Compensation 714–715. C.J.S.
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hell or high water rule
hell-or-high-water rule. 1. The principle that a personal-property lessee must pay the full rent due, regardless of any claim against the lessor, unless the lessee proves unequal bargaining power or unconscionability. [Cases: Bailment 20. C.J.S. Bailments §§ 76–78.] 2. Insurance. The principle that an insured’s automobile-liability policy will cover the insured while using a vehicle
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