prorogation (proh-r[schwa]-gay-sh[schwa]n). 1. The act of putting off to another day; esp., the discontinuance of a legislative session until its next term. [Cases: States 32. C.J.S. States § 48–50.] 2. Civil law. The extension of a court’s or judge’s jurisdiction by consent of the parties to a case that it would otherwise be incompetent to […]
subscriptor (s[schwa]b-skrip-tor or -t[schwa]r), n. [Latin] Roman law. 1. A person who made or signed a written accusation of crime against a particular person. 2. The witness to a will. Pl. subscriptores.
A federal court’s refusal to review a state court’s decision in cases involving a complex reg-ulatory scheme and sensitive areas of state concern. Burford v. Sun Oil Co., 319 U.S. 315, 63 S.Ct. 1098 (1943).
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lex marityma (leks mair-i-tee-m[schwa]). Hist. The body of customs, usage, and local rules governing seagoing commerce that developed in the maritime countries of medieval Europe.
pretermit (pree-t[schwa]r-mit), vb. 1. To ignore or disregard purposely (the court pretermitted the constitutional question by deciding the case on procedural grounds). 2. To neglect, overlook, or omit accidentally (the third child was pretermitted in the will). • Although in ordinary usage sense 1 prevails, in legal contexts (esp. involving heirs) sense 2 is usual.
navigable water. 1. At early common law, any body of water affected by the ebb and flow of the tide. • This test was first adopted in England because most of England’s in-fact navigable waters are influenced by the tide, unlike the large inland rivers that are capable of supporting commerce in the United States.
disturbance of a public meeting. The unlawful interference with the proceedings of a public assembly. [Cases: Disturbance of Public Assemblage 1. C.J.S. Disturbance of Public Meetings § 3.] “Generally speaking, any conduct which, being contrary to the usages of the particular sort of meeting and class of persons assembled, interferes with its due progress and
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leave, n. 1. Departure; the act of going away (took his leave). 2. Extended absence for which one has authorization; esp., a voluntary vacation from military duties with the chance to visit home; furlough (on a three-month leave from the Army). 3. Permission (by leave of court). leave, vb. 1. To give by will; to
jury nullification. A jury’s knowing and deliberate rejection of the evidence or refusal to apply the law either because the jury wants to send a message about some social issue that is larger than the case itself or because the result dictated by law is contrary to the jury’s sense of justice, morality, or fairness.
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superfluous allegations 多余的陈述；多余的主张 (→surplusage)
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