National Technical Institute for the Deaf. A federally aided institute, located in Rochester, New York, responsible for educating large numbers of deaf students on a college campus designed primarily for students who can hear. • Established by Congress in 1965, the institute is a part of the Rochester Institute for Technology. — Abbr. NTID.
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lie detector 测谎器 据称在证人作证时，将其放在证人身上就可以显示出证人是否讲了实话的一种装置。其设计原理是，在证人有意识地去说谎时，其呼吸和血压会发生变化，所以通过记录证人在回答提问时的血压变化，可以判断其是否作了伪证。 (→polygraph)
Office of Technology Assessment. A former office in the legislative branch of the federal government responsible for analyzing public-policy issues relating to science and technology. • The Office was active from 1972 to 1995. — Abbr. OTA.
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biotechnology. Patents. A branch of molecular biology dealing with the use of biological processes to produce useful medical and industrial materials. Cf. GENETIC ENGINEERING.
Science and Technology Directorate. The division of the Department of Homeland Security responsible for coordinating research and development, including preparing for and responding to terrorist threats involving weapons of mass destruction. • The Directorate also works with the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Countermeasures Program and the Environmental Measurements Lab in the Department of Energy,
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Computer Software Protection Act of 1984. Copyright. An amendment to the Copyright Act of 1976, enacted to protect copyrighted computer programs against illegal copying. 17 USCA § 109.
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technology transfer. 1. The sale or licensing of intellectual property. 2. The field involving the sale and licensing of intellectual property. • Many major universities have an office of technology transfer to control the university’s intellectual property and generate income from it.
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writ of protection (1)保护令 一种保护证人免遭民事拘禁〔civil arrest〕危险之令状。 (2)国王庇护令 一种英国国王保护为其服务者在民事诉讼中一整年内免受拘禁之令状。但国王很少行使该特权。
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last antecedent rule 最后先行词原则 一项解释制定法的原则，要求相关的或限制性的单词或短语必须使用于直接在其前面的单词或短语上，它不能扩展及于或包容其他较远的单词、短语或从句，除非这种扩展或包容是由上下文的意图和意义所明确要求的，或由审阅整个法律而有所揭示。 (→last antecedent clause)
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writ of protection. 1. A writ to protect a witness in a judicial proceeding who is threatened with arrest. 2. A writ exempting anyone in the Crown’s service from arrest in a civil proceeding for a year and a day.
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