heirs-portioners
heirs-portioners n. 〈苏格兰〉继承人-遗产获得人 1964年之前关于继承的苏格兰法律中，如果继承对女性直系血亲开放，遗产并不转移给其中年龄最大的女子，而是转移给同一亲等的所有女子，那么她们就作为继承人——遗产获得人，平等地按人分割遗产。
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first office action
A patent examiner’s initial reply to a patent application. • If the examiner’s first report is a rejection of all or most of the application’s claims, it is termed a shotgun rejection. To avoid abandoning the prosecution, the applicant must respond by answering the examiner’s reasons for rejection, amending the claims, or both. Cf. final
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statement of affairs
statement of affairs 财务清册；清算式资产负债表 在破产程序中必须提交的、载明有关债务人在过去和现在的财务状况的文件，通常在即将发生破产或支付不能时编制。
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internal affairs doctrine
Conflict of laws. The rule that in disputes involving a corporation and its relationships with its shareholders, directors, officers, or agents, the law to be applied is the law of the state of incorporation. • This doctrine applies in the majority of states. In a few states, notably California and New York, foreign corporations must
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internal affairs doctrine
internal-affairs doctrine. Conflict of laws. The rule that in disputes involving a corporation and its relationships with its shareholders, directors, officers, or agents, the law to be applied is the law of the state of incorporation. • This doctrine applies in the majority of states. In a few states, notably California and New York, foreign
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first sale doctrine
first-sale doctrine. 1. Copyright. The rule that the purchaser of a physical copy of a copyrighted work, such as a book or CD, may give or sell that copy to someone else without infringing the copyright owner’s exclusive distribution rights. • With regard to that physical copy, the copyright owner’s distribution right is said to
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heirs and assigns
A term of art formerly required to create a fee simple [A conveys Blackacre to B and his heirs and assigns].
First Amendment
First Amendment 〈美〉美国宪法第一条修正案 1791年被正式批准。该条修正案确立了在民主政府的自由社会里所必需的四项基本自由：宗教信仰和宗教活动自由、言论自由、出版自由以及和平集会和请愿自由权。过去认为此项修正案是为了限制中央政府的权力，但通过美国宪法第十四条修正案的正当法律程序条款此项修正案被扩大适用到各州。