conqueror
conqueror n. (1)〈苏格兰〉(英格兰古法)初买人；不动产的第一个买主；第一个把不动产带入家庭者(→first purchaser) (2)〔C-〕征服者 指英王威廉一世〔William the Conqueror,1066-1087〕。 v.〈拉〉控告；控诉 用于诉状的开始部分：「我控告…」〔conqueror quod…〕。
Search Results for: CONQUEROR
conqueror
conqueror, n. [fr. Law French conquerir “to acquire”] Hist. 1. One who acquires territory by force during war with the intention of exercising sovereignty. See CONQUEST(1). 2. The first person who acquired land by purchase; one who first brought an estate into a family. See CONQUEST(2); PURCHASE(2). conqueror, vb. [Latin] To complain. • Conqueror served
debellatio
debellatio (deb-[schwa]-lay-shee-oh). [Latin] Int’l law. A means of ending a war and acquiring territory when one of the belligerent countries has been so soundly defeated that its adversary is able to decide alone the fate of the defeated country’s territory; conquest followed by annexation. — Also termed subjugation. “[There are] three possible alternative meanings of
ancient demesne
ancient demesne (英格兰古法)古地；古地自保 古地自保的庄园是那些在忏悔者爱德华〔Edward the Confessor, 1042-1066年在位〕和征服者威廉〔William the Conqueror, 1066-1087年在位〕统治时期就由国王实际直接占有的土地，在《末日审判书》〔Domesday〕中注明为「王地」〔terrae regis; terrae regis Eduardi〕。在这些土地上负农役〔socage〕的封臣被称为古地保有者〔tenants in ancient demesne〕。古地保有和其它保有比起来有以下不同：首先，1833年《不动产时傚法》〔Real Property Limitation Act〕之前，有关这种保有的诉讼只能在普通民事诉讼法庭〔Court of Common Pleas〕或在古地庄园法庭〔court of ancient demesne of the manor〕进行，后者由古地自保者组成类似于普通保有庄园中的封臣法庭〔court baron〕；其次，这类土地独立于领主意志之外而通过普通法转让方式转移；最后，基于这种保有还可以针对驱逐之诉〔ejectment〕提出程序上的抗辩。除了作为古地保有者的农役封臣外，古地上还有三种公簿地产保有人，对应三种不同方式的保有：１依国王特许状自由保有土地的人；２习惯公簿保有〔customary freeholds; customary leaseholds〕人，他们依习惯而非领主意志保有王地，尽管其转让要通过交回〔surrender〕或契据〔deed〕和认可〔admittance〕的方式进行；３依领主意志凭法庭记录的副本保有土地，又称为农奴公簿保有〔copyholds of base tenure〕人。在《末日审判书》中，关于某一特定庄园是否古地保有的记录是确定的，但关于某块土地是否属于某古地保有庄园则作为事实问题留给陪审团裁断。在古地自保中，土地上没有次一级和相冲突的利益，森林和矿藏属于古地自保者，对领主的义务均是固定的。 (→tenure; demesne; socage)
conquest
conquest. 1. Int’l law. An act of force by which, during a war, a belligerent occupies territory within an enemy country with the intention of extending its sovereignty over that territory. • That intention is usu. explained in a proclamation or some other legal act. 2. Hist. The acquisition of land by any method other
inquest
inquest. 1. An inquiry by a coroner or medical examiner, sometimes with the aid of a jury, into the manner of death of a person who has died under suspicious circumstances, or who has died in prison. — Also termed coroner’s inquest; inquisition after death. [Cases: Coroners 9; Homicide 1110. C.J.S. Coroners and Medical Examiners
demesne
demesne (di-maynor di-meen), n. [French] 1. At common law, land held in one’s own right, and not through a superior; esp., land attached to a manor and reserved for the court’s own use. 2. Domain; realm. — Also spelled demain. ancient demesne. Hist. A manor that was held by the Crown at the time of
conquisitor
conquisitor (k[schwa]n- or k[schwa]ng-kwiz-[schwa]-t[schwa]r). [Latin “one who searches”] See CONQUEROR(1).
portgreve
portgreve n. 〈英〉市长；市政官；港长 在征服者威廉〔Conqueror William〕征服英格兰时期为各地城镇的最高行政长官，后为mayor一词取代，但在许多小镇一直保留到近代。在征服时期以后，该词有时指市长职位之下的一位或几位官员，或指副行政司法官〔bailiff〕。此外，该词还被后来的编纂者误用来指港口市镇的行政首长。
manerium
manerium (m[schwa]-neer-ee-[schwa]m), n. [Law Latin, fr. Latin manere “to remain”] Hist. A manor. “The term manerium seems to have come in with the Conqueror, though other derivatives from the Latin verb manere, in particular mansa, mansio, mansiuncula had been freely employed by the scribes of the land-books. But these had as a rule been used