Lancaster 〈英〉兰开斯特巴拉丁领地 爱德华三世时，兰开斯特郡被封为巴拉丁〔palatine〕领地，并授予其子约翰终身保有。在领地内，他可享有与王权相类似的权力，如赦免叛逆，放逐罪犯，任命治安法官和陪审法官，一切诉讼文书均以他的名义签发，并有一个独立的衡平法庭。现在这些权力均已收归国王。 (→Chancery Court of County Palatine of Lancaster; County Palatine; duchy court of Lancaster; duchy of Lancaster; herald)
boltings n. 〈英〉案例讨论 指以前在英国的四大律师公会〔Inns of Court〕和预备律师公会〔Inns of Chancery〕中，为教学目的，由出庭律师和学生在由一名律师公会主管〔bencher〕和两名出庭律师组成的法庭面前对案件进行的辩论，与模拟审判〔moots〕不同，案例讨论是不公开进行的。这种教学方法早已被废弃。
Affidavit Office 〈英〉宣誓书办公室 原衡平法庭中处理有关宣誓书事务的机构。1852年的《衡平法庭法》〔Court of Chancery Act〕将其职能转移给了案卷和令状书记官〔Clerks of Records and Writs〕。现在则由中央办公室档案部〔Filing Department of the Central Office〕负责。
clerk of records and writs. Hist. Officers of the English Court of Chancery responsible for filing documents and sealing bills of complaint and writs of execution. • The office was abolished in 1879, when its duties were moved to the Central Office. See CENTRAL OFFICE.
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Serjeants’ Inn. Hist. A building on Chancery Lane, London, that housed the Order of Serjeants-at-Law. • The building was sold and demolished in 1877.
significavit (sig-ni-fi-kay-vit), n. [Latin “he has signified”] Eccles. law. 1. A bishop’s certificate that a person has been in a state of excommunication for more than 40 days. 2. A notice to the Crown in chancery, based on the bishop’s certificate, whereby a writ de contumace capiendo (or, earlier, a writ de excommunicato capiendo) would
orator (or-[schwa]-t[schwa]r), n. 1. Roman law. (ital.) An advocate or pleader. 2. Hist. A plaintiff or petitioner in an action in chancery.
special examiner 〈英〉专门询问人；特别询问人 法院指定的对在国外或在法院管辖区以外的证人进行询问的人。也指衡平法院在某一特别案件中指定的询问人。 (→examiner; examiners in chancery)
Court of Policies of Insurance. Hist. A court that determines in a summary way insurance-policy issues arising between merchants. • The Court’s jurisdiction extended only to London, and appeal was taken to the Court of Chancery. The Court was abolished in 1863. — Also termed Court of Policies of Assurance.
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liberate (lib-[schwa]-ray-tee), n. [Law Latin] Hist. 1. A chancery writ to the Exchequer ordering the payment of an annual pension or other sum. 2. A writ to the sheriff authorizing delivery of any property given as bond and then taken when a defendant forfeited a recognizance. 3. A writ to a jailer ordering delivery of