The right to seize animals or inanimate chattels that are damaging or encumbering land and to keep them as security until the owner pays compensation. [Cases: Animals 95. C.J.S. Animals §§ 250, 252.]
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damage by the elements (1)自然力造成的损失 指由自然界中常见的破坏性力量所造成的损失。 (2)突发性损失 指突发、异常、意外的事件或行为带来的损害，与渐变、磨损、损耗等情形相区别。
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double damages 双倍损害赔偿金 指由制定法规定的一种损害赔偿金，其数量为陪审团等事实调查人〔fact-finder〕所确定之到期债权或实际损失的两倍。在某些案件中，法院判决于实际的损害赔偿金之外再支付双倍损害赔偿金，所以其效果实际等同于三倍损害赔偿金〔treble damages〕。
An amount awarded to a complainant to compensate for a proven injury or loss; damages that repay actual losses. — Also termed compensatory damages; tangible damages; real damages. [Cases: Damages 15. C.J.S. Damages §§ 21–22.]
consequential damages 间接损害 由损害行为的某些后果所致的损害，而非由该行为直接导致的损害，即损害出于一般未预料到而与后果又有关的另一特殊情况的发生。这种损害有的可起诉，有的不能起诉。
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Interest allowed by law in the absence of a promise to pay it, as compensation for a delay in paying a fixed sum or a delay in assessing and paying damages. Cf. conventional interest.
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compensatory damages 补偿性损害赔偿金 指用于补偿实际的和精神的损失、伤害的一切损害赔偿金，但不包括惩罚性损害赔偿金〔punitive or exemplary damages〕和名义损害赔偿金〔nominal damages〕。
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Damages awarded to the owner of abutting property for injury caused by the construction and operation of an elevated railroad. • The term is used because the damage is to the property owner’s easements of light, air, and access, which are parts of the fee.
Continuing damages that accrue during the pendency and prosecution of an unsuccessful appeal. • A lower court may include intervening damages in an award.
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Future damages that, based on the facts pleaded and proved by the plaintiff, can reasonably be expected to occur. [Cases: Damages 25. C.J.S. Damages § 42.]
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