Incorporation of all of the Bill of Rights. • Justice Hugo Black, who served on the U.S. Supreme Court from 1937 to 1971, first advocated this approach. [Cases: Constitutional Law 254.2. C.J.S. Constitutional Law § 951.]
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clameur de haro (klah-m[schwa]r dah-roh). [French] An outcry recognized in the Channel Islands as a protest against trespass to land. • The clameur de haro is a legal remnant of when the Duchy of Normandy held the islands before England took control in the 13th century. The victim’s cry of haro (repeated 3 times) is
evolution statute 〈美〉禁止学校讲授进化论的法律 这项法律因违背美国宪法第一条修正案〔Establishment Clause of First Amend.〕而被裁定为违宪。
belief–action distinction. Constitutional law. In First Amendment law, the Supreme Court’s distinction between allowing a person to follow any chosen belief and allowing the state to intervene if necessary to protect others from the practices of that belief.
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heredes proximi et remotiores (h[schwa]-ree-deez prok-s[schwa]-mIet ri-moh-shee-or-eez). [Latin] Hist. Heirs nearer and more remote.
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greenback, n. Slang. A legal-tender note of the United States; any note issued by a federal reserve bank. • The term was coined in 1862 when the backs of American paper currency were first printed in green ink.
book of original entry. A day-to-day record in which a business’s transactions are first recorded.
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lex Furia testamentaria (leks fyoor-ee-[schwa] tes-t[schwa]-men-tair-ee-[ schwa]). [Latin] Roman law. A law prohibiting a testator from bequeathing more than 1,000 asses (i.e., 722 pounds) of copper or the equivalent. • This law, dating from the middle of the republic, was one of the first to restrict legacies. It was passed between 204 and 169 B.C.
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prior laesit (prI-[schwa]r lee-sit). [Law Latin] Scots law. He (or she) first injured. • The phrase usu. referred to the provocation for an assault.
termination, n. 1. The act of ending something; EXTINGUISHMENT (termination of the partnership by winding up its affairs). termination of conditional contract. The act of putting an end to all unperformed portions of a conditional contract. [Cases: Contracts 249. C.J.S. Contracts §§ 422, 424, 427–428, 456, 465–466, 484.] termination of employment. The complete severance of