consumer. A person who buys goods or services for personal, family, or household use, with no intention of resale; a natural person who uses products for personal rather than business purposes. [Cases: Consumer Protection 1. C.J.S. Credit Reporting Agencies; Consumer Protection § 23.]
An agreement to indemnify for loss sustained because of a mistake or oversight by the insured — though not for loss due to the insured’s intentional wrongdoing. • For example, lawyers often carry this insurance as part of their malpractice coverage to protect them in suits for damages resulting from inadvertent mistakes (such as missing
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droit moral (drwah maw-ral). [French] The doctrine of moral right, which entitles artists to prevent others from altering their works. • The basic rights protected by this doctrine are (1) the right to create, (2) the right to disclose or publish, (3) the right to withdraw from publication, (4) the right to be identified with
United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. An intermediate-level appellate court with jurisdiction to hear appeals in patent cases, various actions against the United States to recover damages, cases from the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, the U.S. Court of International Trade, the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims, the Merit Systems
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An application filed with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to protect a trademark or servicemark that is not currently in commercial use but whose owner has a bona fide intent to use the mark commercially in the foreseeable future. • Trademark rights have traditionally been restricted to marks actually used in trade, but a
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Copyright. The degree to which a work displays imaginativeness beyond what a person of very ordi-nary talents might create. • Labor and expense are not elements of creativity; for that reason, they are not protected by copyright. Feist Pubs., Inc. v. Rural Tel. Serv. Co., 499 U.S. 340, 111 S.Ct. 1282 (1991). Cf. ORIGINALITY; SWEAT-OF-THE-BROW
apprentice. 1. Hist. A person bound by an indenture to work for an employer for a specified period to learn a craft, trade, or profession. “Apprentices, in the strict legal sense, are servants, usually but not necessarily infants, who agree to serve their masters with a view to learning some trade or business, and whose
outlaw, n. 1. A person who has been deprived of the benefit and protection of the law; a person under a sentence of outlawry. 2. A lawless person or habitual criminal; esp., a fugitive from the law. 3. Int’l law. A person, organization, or nation under a ban or restriction because it is considered to
Civil Service Commission 文官事务委员会 １英国1855年设立的一个自治性的准司法机构，负责录用担任文官职位的人员。它根据个人品质和能力，录用普通行政部门需要的通才，也录用专门机构所需的具有专业技术的专门人员；２美国1883年设立的负责执行文官制度法的有关规定的机构。它通过公开的竞争考试录用文官。该委员会依1978年《文官制度改革法》〔Civil Service Reform Act〕进行改组。该委员会自身解散，分成两个机构，即人事管理局〔Office of Personnel Management〕和功绩制保护委员会〔Merit Systems Protection Board〕。1978年文官制度改革法的特点之一是设立了独立的公正的申诉程序，以纠正违反功绩制的行为。
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A trademark containing common words that do not describe or suggest any characteristic of the product to which the trademark is assigned. • Because arbitrary marks are neither descriptive nor suggestive of the goods or services in connection with which they are used, they are inherently distinctive, require no proof of secondary meaning, and are
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