mere-evidence rule. Criminal procedure. The former doctrine that a search warrant allows seizure of the instrumentalities of the crime (such as a murder weapon) or the fruits of the crime (such as stolen goods), but does not permit the seizure of items that have evidentiary value only (such as incriminating documents). • The Supreme Court […]
mere evidence rule Read More »
whole-statute rule. The principle of statutory construction that a statute should be considered in its entirety, and that the words used within it should be given their ordinary meanings unless there is a clear indication to the contrary. [Cases: Statutes 188, 205. C.J.S. Statutes §§ 321, 324–326, 330, 334.]
whole statute rule Read More »
blockage rule 〈美〉阻塞规则 在征收联邦赠与和遗产税时，为确定公司大宗股票价值而采用的方法。该规则建立在以下假设之上，即大宗股票不如小额股票那样可以迅速地销售变现，价格上也不易以全价出售。所以，该规则确定，在评估大宗股票的价值时，要按其公平市场价予以一定的折扣。
one-person, one-vote rule. Constitutional law. The principle that the Equal Protection Clause requires legislative voting districts to have about the same population. Reynolds v. Sims, 377 U.S. 533, 84 S.Ct. 1362 (1964). — Also termed one-man, one-vote rule. See APPORTIONMENT. [Cases: Constitutional Law 225.3(2). C.J.S. Constitutional Law § 818.]
one person one vote rule Read More »
rules of good seamanship 良好船艺规则 基于习惯和经验形成的、在对船舶进行操作的全部过程中和所有状况下都应遵守的做法。什么是良好船艺是一个事实问题，应根据相关情况个案决定。如果与防止海上碰撞国际公约相牴触，则应遵守公约。
rules of good seamanship Read More »
Directive on the Coordination of Certain Rules Concerning Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Applicable to Satellite Broadcasting and Cable Retransmission. Copyright. A 1993 European Commission initiative requiring members, among other things, to (1) recognize the right of a copyright owner to decide whether the work may be relayed by either cable or satellite, and (2) define
presence-of-the-testator rule. The principle that a testator must be aware (through sight or other sense) that the witnesses are signing the will. • Many jurisdictions interpret this requirement liberally, and the Uniform Probate Code has dispensed with it. [Cases: Wills 117. C.J.S. Wills §§ 285–293.]
presence of the testator rule Read More »
residuum rule 〈美〉存留规则 根据此规则，行政机关在作出决定时虽不受法院证据规则限制，可以接受包括传闻证据〔hearsay evidence〕在内的任何证据；但如果行政决定部分以传闻证据为根据，那么此决定必须同时至少包含某些合格证据〔competent evidence〕才能在司法审查中得以维持。联邦和州法院通常拒绝适用此规则。
no search rule 〈美〉免受搜查规则 指1978年卡特政府提出而由国会通过的一项法律规则，即除有对生命或身体构成「即刻的危险」〔imminent danger〕或为收集犯罪的证据外，不得搜查或扣押记者、作家或其他人所准备出版的作品或其所收集的书面资料。该规则还规定不论政府哪一级别的调查犯罪的人员如需查看记者、自由作家、学者或出版商等为准备出版而收集的资料时，都必须使用命证人提交书面文件的传票〔subpoena duces tecum〕而不是使用搜查令。前者与后者的重大差别在于，该种传票需列明所需的文件是什么，并要求这些文件在法庭上呈示，还给予时间允许当事人在法庭上对该种要求予以争辩。而搜查令则授权执法官员无须给予任何警告，可任意搜查。