commission of delegates. Hist. A commission appointing a person (usu. a lord, bishop, or judge) to sit with several other appointees to hear an appeal of an ecclesiastical judgment in the Court of Chancery. • This commission was abolished in 1832, and its functions transferred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.
commission of delegates Read More »
hanaper (han-[schwa]-p[schwa]r), n. [Law Latin hanaperium “hamper”] Hist. 1. A basket or hamper used by the Chancery to store writs and returns. 2. The treasury of the Chancery, funded from the fees charged for writs. Cf. FISCUS.
Incorporated Law Society 〈英〉特许成立的事务律师协会预备律师公会〔Inns of Chancery〕衰落之后兴起的一种律师组织，其职能是执行有关见习律师〔articled clerk〕的议会法令及法院命令；保管律师名单；按时为被接纳入会者发放证书；对开业律师行使监察权，及向法官提交有关渎职案件等。 (→Law Society)
Incorporated Law Society Read More »
Keeper of the Hanaper. Hist. The head of the receiving and accounting department in Chancery. • The hanaper office received collected fees on charters and letters granted under the Great Seal and fines for Chancery writs, paid Chancery staff wages, purchased office supplies, and accounted for the Chancery’s revenues and expenses.
keeper of the hanaper Read More »
ad quod damnum (ad kwod dam-n[schwa]m). [Latin “to what damage”] Hist. A writ directing the sheriff to inquire of jurors under oath to what damage a grant (as of a fair, market, liberty, or other franchise) would be to various people if the king were to make the grant. • The writ was issuable from
day to show cause 〈英〉提出不服判决理由的日期 在高等法院衡平分庭〔Chancery Division〕取消抵押物回赎权〔foreclosure〕诉讼中，若被告是未成年人且败诉，则他有权在成年后的某一日根据法官为此目的签发的一张传票，述明其不服该判决的理由，否则他就要受到此判决的约束。现此程序在大多数案件中已被制定法取消。
jury of matrons 已婚妇女陪审团 在涉及继承问题时，或当一妇女被判处死刑而将要执行，该妇女以自己已怀孕，请求暂停执行时，根据衡平法院〔chancery〕签发的令状而召集的由已婚妇女组成的陪审团，来确认该妇女是否已怀孕。这种陪审团在英格兰一直存在至19世纪，但在美国极为少见。
bargain and sale 〈英〉财产转让协议；土地买卖协议 一种通行于16世纪的不动产转让方式，也可适用于动产买卖。指当事人以书面或口头形式达成的买卖动产、不动产或土地权益的合同，一方支付约定的价金，则财产发生转让。但该词最初仅指土地或土地权益的买卖协议。在1535年《用益法》〔Statute of Uses〕实施之前，英格兰的衡平法院〔Court of Chancery〕认为，只要土地买卖协议达成，则卖方就是为买方的利益而占有土地，即成为买方的受托人。1535年的《用益法》则更有利于土地受让人，即使在土地买卖协议达成之前，土地受让人也同样可以获得地产或土地权益，从而可以对土地进行秘密转让。为此，英格兰在同年又颁布了《土地登记法》〔Statute of Enrolments〕,并规定，除非以契据形式并在6个月之内进行登记，否则对完全保有地产〔freeholds〕的土地权益不得转让。随之，人们更常采用出租与弃权形式〔lease and release〕进行土地权益转让。1925年《财产法》〔Law of Property Act〕最终废止以土地买卖协议方式作为土地或土地权益的转让方式。
distringas 〈拉〉 (1)财产扣押令 指令郡长〔sheriff〕扣押某人的财产以迫使其履行一定义务的令状，如扣押刑事被告人的财产以迫使其到王座法庭〔King’s Bench〕就起诉书〔indictment or information〕作答辩；扣押陪审员的财产以迫使其出庭履行陪审员的义务(该种令状称distringas juratores)；在返还动产之诉〔detinue〕中，distringas是一种特别的执行令，通过反覆扣押被告的动产来迫使其向原告交付财产。英国1852年的《普通法诉讼程序法》〔Common Law Procedure Act〕已废除了这些令状。在衡平法诉讼中，扣押法人〔a corporation aggregate〕的财产以迫使其到庭应诉的第一道令状〔first process〕也称为distringas。 (2)(英格兰古法)临时限制股票转让令 应有关利害关系人的请求，衡平法院〔Court of Chancery〕签发的临时限制英格兰银行〔Bank of England〕或其他公开公司〔public company〕转让其股票的命令。该程序的目的旨在阻止欺诈性交易，但它只是一项临时性救济措施，其效力仅持续至请求签发限制转让令者有机会陈述其主张之前，因此，请求者应尽快起诉以求获得禁止令〔restraining order〕或禁制令〔injunction〕。